Friday Night Kiddush

vayehi erev vayehi voqer

The fourth of the Ten Commandments bids us “ זָכוֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת לְקַדְשׁוֹ ”, Remember the Shabbos day, Lekadsho to keep it holy ( Exodus 20:8). The word also implies to sanctify it. Jewish law therefore requires us to sanctify the Shabbos at its beginning—and at its conclusion—with an oral declaration. Thus we have the mitzvah of Kiddush upon the arrival of the Shabbos and Havdala at its conclusion. Most halachic authorities agree that the Scriptural command to proclaim the sanctity of the Shabbos is fulfilled by reciting the middle blessing of the Friday night Shemoneh Esreh. The command to recite the Kiddush at home, over wine, is rabbinic. In Babylonia it was customary to recite Kiddush over wine in the synagogue at the end of the Friday night service for the travelers who remained in the synagogue to eat and sleep. ( Pesachim 101a, see Tosofos s.v. דְאָכְלוּ)In many synagogues in the diaspora it is still customary to recite this Kiddush. But in Eretz Yisroel, the custom was never instituted, and so to this day, Kiddush is not recited there on Friday night. It is forbidden to eat on Friday night without first reciting Kiddush, to be followed immediately by the meal. When Kiddush is said over wine, the challa loaves must be covered. When wine is not available on Friday night, it is permissible to recite Kiddush over two whole challa loaves; in such an instance, the challa need not be covered. When reciting Kiddush over bread, you must wash your hands and say the berachah “Al netilas yodayim” before reciting the Kiddush. Halachic opinions differ as to whether Kiddush should be said while standing or while seated at the table. Both practices are widespread and one should follow family tradition or the tradition of one's teachers in this matter.

yom hashishi. vayekhullu hashamayim veha'arets vekhol tseva'am: vayekhal elohim bayyom hashevi'i melakhto asher asah. vayyishbot bayyom hashevi'i mikkol melakhto asher asah: vayevarekh elohim et yom hashevi'i vayeqaddesh oto. ki vo shavat mikkol melakhto asher bara elohim la'asot:

barukh attah Adonai elohenu melekh ha'olam bore peri haggafen:

barukh attah Adonai elohenu melekh ha'olam. asher qiddeshanu bemitsvotayw veratsah vanu. veshabbat qodsho be'ahavah uveratson hinkhilanu. zikkaron lema'aseh vereshit. tekhillah lemiqra'e qodesh zekher litsi'at mitsrayim. veshabbat qodshekha be'ahavah uveratson hinkhaltanu: barukh attah Adonai meqaddesh hashabbat:

Recite quietly: And evening came, then morning came: Recite aloud:

barukh attah Adonai elohenu melekh ha'olam. asher qiddeshanu bemitsvotayw vetsivanu leshev bassukkah:

the sixth day. And the heavens and the earth were completed and [so were] all their hosts. And God completed, by the seventh day, His work which He had done; and He abstained on the seventh day from all His work which He had done. And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, for on it He abstained from all His work which God had created to do.